Journal of Advanced Materials in Engineering

Journal of Advanced Materials in Engineering

Fabrication and Characterization of an Electrochemical CD8⁺ T Cells Sensor Based on Polypyrrole/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Maryam Amoo
Hamidreza Salimi Jazi
Sheyda Labbaf
Fathallah Karimzadeh
Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
10.47176/jame.45.4.1140
Abstract
Introduction and Objectives: Detecting the CD8⁺ T cell biomarker—a key indicator of immunological diseases—is often slow with current methods. This research aims to develop a sensitive, accurate, and easy-to-use electrochemical biosensor, utilizing reduced graphene oxide and polypyrrole nanocomposite, for on-site, sensitive, accurate, and rapid detection of CD8⁺ T cells.
Materials and Methods: The polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide composite was deposited onto the sensor's working electrode using cyclic voltammetry with 15, 20, and 25 cycles, corresponding to sample codes A15, A20, and A25. To prepare the sample containing the polypyrrole and graphene oxide composite with the selected number of cycles under a UV lamp (sample code B20), the same procedure was repeated, followed by characterization of the samples. Antibody immobilization was then performed on the developed electrode, and sensor performance was assessed using differential pulse voltammetry.
Results: FESEM imaging revealed that the sample A20 had a more uniform and porous surface morphology compared to the sample B20. According to the differential pulse voltammetry results, an increase in the concentration of CD8⁺ T cells led to a decrease in current intensity. Based on the calibration curve, the detection limit was determined to be seven cells.ml-1, indicating the high sensitivity of the sensor in identifying CD8⁺ T cells.
Conclusion: Sample A20 was identified as the optimal structure for application in electrochemical biosensors based on Ppy-rGo composite to detect CD8+ T cells.
Keywords
Polypyrrole
Reduced graphene oxide
Electrochemical sensor
CD8⁺ T Cells
Cyclic voltammetry
Differential pulse voltammetry
Subjects
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Journal of Advanced Materials in Engineering
Volume 45, Issue 4
Autumn 2026
Pages 15-27

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