INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF WELDING PASTE CONTAINING GRAPHENE NANOSHEETS ON BONDING PROPERTIES OF WELDED AISI 304 STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCED BY FLUX-CORED ARC WELDING

Authors

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birjand University of Technology Birjand, Iran

2 Department of Materials Engineering, Birjand University of Technology Birjand, Iran

Abstract

In this research, the effect of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets on the mechanical and microstructural properties of AISI 304 stainless steel welded joints produced by the flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) method was investigated. Light microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and tensile strength test were used to characterize the samples. GO was synthesized by modified Hummers’ method and reduced by hydrazine. Accordingly, the pastes of GO and RGO in different concentrations of 1, 3, and 10 mg/ml were applied in the groove. The results demonstrated that increasing the RGO concentration up to 10 mg/ml improves the tensile strength and hardness values of welded joints up to 23% and 43%, respectively. It seems that RGO nanosheets have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the welded joints by pinning of dislocations.

Keywords

References

1. Wang, X., Yang, Z., Wang, Z., Shi, Q., Xu, B., Zhou, Ch., and Zhang, L., “The Influence of Copper on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of 304 Stainless Steel”, Applied Surface Science, Vol. 478, pp. 492-498, 2019.
2. Juffus, L., Welding Principles and Applications, 8th ed., New York, Delmar, 2017.
3. Moghadam, A. D., Schultz, B. F., Ferguson, J. B., Omrani, E., Rohatagi, P. K., and Gupta, N., “Functional Metal Matrix Composites: Self-Lubricating, Self-Healing, and Nanocomposites-An Outlook”, Journal of the Minerals Metals Materials Society, Vol. 66, No. 6, pp. 872-881, 2014.
4. Ma, G., Wu, C., Ye, J., He, Y., and Yu, X., “Effect of Graphene on Microstructure and Mechanical properties of U-MIG-Welded Galvanized Steel”, Journal of Materials in Electronics, Vol. 31, No. 22, pp. 20332-20344, 2020.
5. Lee, S. J., Shin, S. E., Sun, Y., Fujii, H., and Park, Y., “Friction Stir Welding of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Al Matrix Composites”, Materials Characterization, Vol. 145, pp. 653-663, 2018.
6. Zhao, K., Liu, Z., Xiao, B., and Ma, Z., “Friction Stir Welding of Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Al-Cu-Mg Alloy Composite Plates”, Journal of Materials Science Technology, Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 1004-1008, 2017.
7. Fattahi, M., Nabhani, N., Rashidkhani, E., Fattahi, Y., Akhavan, S., and Arabian, N. A., “New Technique for the Strengthening of Aluminum Tungsten Inert Gas Weld Metals: Using Carbon Nanotube/Aluminum Composite as a Filler Metal”, Micron, Vol. 54-55, pp. 28-35, 2013.
8. Khosravi, M., Mansouri, M., Gholami, A., and Yaghoubinezhad, Y., “Effect of Graphen Oxide and Reduced Graphen Oxide Nanosheets on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mild Steel Jointing by Flux-Cored Arc Welding”, International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 505-514, 2019.
9. Abdolhosseinzadeh, S., Asgharzadeh, H., and Kim, H., “Fast and Fully-Scalable Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide”, Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, pp. 1-7, 2015.
10. Nosrati, H., Mamoorya, R. S., Dabir, F., Le, D. Q. S., Bünger, C. E., Perez, M. C., and Rodriguez, M. A., “Effects of Hydrothermal Pressure on in Situ Synthesis of 3D Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nano Structured Powders”, Ceramics. International, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 1761-1769, 2019.
11. Lin, D., Ye, C. H., Liao, Y., Suslov, S., Liu, R., and Cheng, G. J., “Mechanism of Fatigue Performance Enhancement in a Laser Sintered Superhard Nanoparticles Reinforced Nanocomposite Followed by Laser Shock Peening”, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 113, No. 13, pp. 133509-133519, 2013.
12. Tjong, S. C., “Recent Progress in the Development and Properties of Novel Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanosheets”, Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Vol. 74, No. 10, pp. 281-350, 2013.
13. Lin, D., Liu, C. R., and Cheng, G. J., “Single-Layer Graphene Oxide Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites by Laser Sintering: Microstructure and Mechanical Property Enhancement”, Acta Materialia, Vol. 80, pp. 183-193, 2014.
14. Yaghoubinezhad, Y., and Afshar, A., “Experimental Design for Optimizing the Corrosion Resistance of Pulse Reverse Electrodeposited Graphene Oxide Thin Film”, Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 19, pp. 1367-1380, 2015.
15. Cançado, L. G., Takai, K., and Enoki, T., “General Equation for the Determination of the Crystallite Size La of Nanographite by Raman Spectroscopy”, Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 88, No. 163106, 2006.
16. Bohlen, J., Dobron, P., and Swiostek, J., “On the Influence of the Grain Size and Solute Content on the AE Response of Magnesium Alloys Tested in Tension and Compression”, Materials Science and Engineering: A,; Vol. 462, No. 1-2, pp. 302-306, 2007.
17. Kumar, H. G. P., and Xavior, A., “Graphene Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite (GRMMC): A Review”, Procedia Engineering, Vol. 97, pp. 1033-1040, 2014.
18. Szabó, B. A., and Babuška, I., Beams, Plates and Shells, London, Wiley Online Library, 2011.
19. Bohlen, J., Dobron, P., and Swiostek, J., “On the Influence of the Grain Size and Solute Content on the AE Response of Magnesium Alloys Tested in Tension and Compression”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 462, No. 1-2, pp. 302-306, 2007.
20. Mao, K., Wang, H., and Wu, Y., “Microstructure-Property Relationship for AISI 304/308L Stainless Steel Laser Weldment”, Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 721, pp. 234-243, 2018.
21. Argon, A. S., and Orowan, E., Physics of Strength and Plasticity, M.I.T. Press, 1969.
22. Bringas, J. E., and Lamb, S., Casting Handbook of Stainless Steels & Nickel Alloys, CASTI Pub, 2002.
23. Courtney, T. H., Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Waveland Press, 2005.
24. Kelly, A., Strengthening Methods in Crystals, Elsevier Publishing Company, 1971.
25. Saba, F., Zhang, F., and Liu, S., “Reinforcement Size Dependence of Mechanical Properties and Strengthening Mechanisms in Diamond Reinforced Titanium Metal Matrix Composites”, Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol. 167, pp. 7-19, 2019.
26. Jr, R., and Christodoulou, L., “The Role of Equiaxed Particles on the Yield Stress of Composites”, Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 9-14, 1991.
27. Nascimento, F., Foerster, C., and Silva, S., “A Comparative Study of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of AISI-304 and AISI-316 Submitted to Glow Discharge Nitriding”, Materials Research, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 173-180, 2009.
28. Yoon, D., Son, Y., and Cheong, H., “Negative Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Graphene Measured by Raman Spectroscopy”, Nano Letters, Vol. 11, pp. 3227-3231, 2011.
29. Riffard, F., Buscail, H., and Caudron, F., “Yttrium, Sol-Gel Coating Effects on the Cyclic Oxidation Behaviour of 304 Stainless Steel”, Corrosion Science, Vol. 45, No. 12, pp. 2867-2880, 2003.
30. Hansen, N., “Boundary Strengthening in Undeformed and Deformed Polycrystals”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 409, No. 1-2, pp. 39-45, 2005.
Journal of Advanced Materials in Engineering (Esteghlal)
Volume 40, Issue 1
May 2021
Pages 83-98

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics

ارتقاء امنیت وب با وف ایرانی