Introduction and Objectives: This study aimed to develop nanocomposite membranes based on sulfonated poly(arylene ether) (sPAE) and evaluate the effect of incorporating sulfonated graphene oxide (sGO) nanosheets on their physicochemical and electrochemical properties for fuel cell applications. The main focus was on the use of sulfonated graphene oxide (sGO) nanosheets as the reinforcing phase.
Materials and Methods: Nanocomposite membranes were prepared by introducing sGO nanoparticles into the sPAE matrix at three different weight percentages of (2, 4, and 6 wt%). The membranes were characterized in terms of ion exchange capacity, water uptake, thermal stability, proton conductivity, and single-cell fuel cell performance.
Results: The results indicated that the membrane containing 2 wt% sGO represented the optimal composition. This membrane exhibited an ion exchange capacity of 1.98 meq/g, reflecting its high proton transfer capability. It also demonstrated a water uptake of 31.8%, ensuring a favorable balance between hydrophilicity and structural integrity. Proton conductivity at 80 °C reached 0.268 S/cm. Furthermore, in single-cell fuel cell tests at 80 °C, the 2 wt% sGO membrane increased current density by 15% and power density by 30% compared to the pristine membrane.
Conclusion: Incorporating 2 wt% sGO into the sPAE membranes significantly enhanced ion exchange capacity, water uptake, and proton conductivity, leading to improved single-cell performance. These findings highlight the potential of sGO-modified sPAE membranes as promising candidates for fuel cell applications.