مواد پیشرفته در مهندسی

مواد پیشرفته در مهندسی

بررسی نقش کاتیون‌های جانشین (Mn4+ و Ni2+ به جای Al3+) بر رفتار مایکروویو دی‌الکتریک الکتروسرامیک‌های کوردیریتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
محمدمهدی رشیدی
مهدی فیض‌پور
هادی برزگر بفروئی
گروه مهندسی مواد، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه میبد، یزد، ایران
10.47176/jame.45.3.1174
چکیده
مقدمه و اهداف: سرامیک‌های کوردیریتی (Mg2Al4Si5O18)، به‌دلیل ویژگی‌هایی همچون ثابت دی‌الکتریک پایین، اتلاف دی‌الکتریک بسیار پایین، پایداری حرارتی بالا و عملکرد مطلوب در فرکانس‌های مایکروویو و میلی‌متر، به‌عنوان مواد دی‌الکتریک پیشرفته در نسل‌های پنجم و ششم ارتباطات (5G و 6G)، مورد استفاده قرار گرفته‌اند. این پژوهش به بررسی اثر جانشینی هم‌زمان کاتیون‌های Mn4+ و Ni2+ به‌جای Al3+ بر چگالش، ساختار کریستالی، ریزساختار، انتروپی اختلاط (ΔSmixing) و خواص دی‌الکتریک کوردیریت پرداخته است.
مواد و روش‌ها: نمونه‌هایی با مقادیر جانشینی مختلف (0، 0/25 و 0/50)، با روش سنتز حالت جامد تهیه و سپس در دماهای مختلف سینتر شدند. بررسی‌های فازی و ریزساختاری با استفاده از پراش پرتو ایکس، طیف‌سنجی رامان و میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. از تحلیل‌گر شبکه جهت اندازه‌گیری خواص دی‌الکتریک در فرکانس‌های مایکروویو استفاده شد. همچنین انتروپی اختلاط و اعوجاج شبکه اندازه‌گیری و مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: جانشینی Mn4+ و Ni2+ به‌جای Al3+، موجب دستیابی به بیشنه دانسیته در دمایی حدود 100°C پایین‌تر نسبت به کوردیریت خالص شد. نتایج XRD و رامان نشان داد در 0/25=x، محلول جامد کامل تشکیل می‌شود اما در 0/50 =x، علاوه‌بر فاز کوردیریت، فاز ثانویه Mg1.16Mn0.84Si2O6 نیز ظاهر می‌گردد. بررسی ریزساختاری، افزایش میانگین اندازه دانه‌ها را با افزایش جانشینی تأیید کرد. بهترین خواص مایکروویو برای Mg2Al3.75(Mn4+Ni2+)0.25Si5O18 با 4/58=εr و Q×f=107333 GHz و τf=-14/7 ppm/°C به‌دست آمد و مقدار ΔSmixing=2/30 J/mol.K اندازه‌گیری شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: جانشینی کنترل‌شده Mn4+ و Ni2+ در دمای سینتر مناسب، بهینه‌سازی هم‌زمان خواص دی‌الکتریک و پایداری حرارتی را امکان‌پذیر می‌سازد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
کوردیریت
ویژگی‌های ماکروویو دی‌الکتریک
الکتروسرامیک‌ها
انتروپی اختلاط
اعوجاج شبکه
نسل‌های پنجم و ششم (5G و 6G)
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the Role of Substituted Cations (Mn4+ and Ni2+ Replacing Al3+) in the Microwave Dielectric Behavior of Cordierite Electroceramics

نویسندگان English

Mohammadmehdi Rashidi
Mahdi Feizpour
Hadi Barzegar Bafrooei
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Meybod University, Yazd, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction and Objectives: Cordierite ceramics (Mg2Al4Si5O18) are recognized as advanced dielectric materials due to their low dielectric constant, very low dielectric loss, high thermal stability, and optimal performance in microwave and millimeter-wave frequency ranges. These materials are utilized in fifth- and sixth-generation (5G and 6G) communication systems. This study investigates the simultaneous substitution effects of Mn⁴⁺ and Ni²⁺ cations for Al³⁺ on the densification, crystalline structure, microstructure, mixing entropy (ΔSmixing), and dielectric properties of cordierite ceramics.
Materials and Methods: Samples with different substitution levels (0, 0.25, and 0.50) were prepared by the solid-state synthesis method and subsequently sintered at various temperatures. Phase and microstructural analyses were carried out using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. A network analyzer was employed to measure the dielectric properties at microwave frequencies. In addition, the mixing entropy and lattice distortion were measured, analyzed, and discussed.
Results: It was observed that substituting Mn4+ and Ni2+ for Al3+ results in achieving the maximum density at a temperature about 100 °C lower than that of pure cordierite. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy analyses indicated that a complete solid solution is formed at x=0.25, whereas increasing x to 0.50 results in the appearance of a secondary phase, Mg1.16Mn0.84Si2O6, in addition to the cordierite phase. Microstructural observations also revealed that the average grain size increases with higher substitution levels. The optimal microwave dielectric properties were obtained for Mg2Al3.75(Mn4+Ni4+)0.25Si5O18, with εᵣ= 4.58, Q×f =107333 GHz, and τf = –14.7 ppm/°C, while the value of ΔSmixing was measured to be 2.30 J/mol · K.
Conclusion: Controlled substitution of Mn4+ and Ni2+ at an appropriate sintering temperature enables simultaneous optimization of dielectric properties and thermal stability.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Cordierite
Microwave dielectric properties
Electroceramics
Entropy of mixing
Lattice distortion
Fifth and Sixth generations of communications (5G
6G)
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مواد پیشرفته در مهندسی
دوره 45، شماره 3
(شماره پیاپی 54)
پاییز 1405
صفحه 87-107

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