انتخاب بهینه مبدل نیمه‌هادی جهت افزایش توان و بازدهی در باتری‌های بتاولتائیک با چشمه‌های بتازای 3H، 63Ni و 147Pm

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه فیزیک، دانشکده و پژوهشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، صندوق پستی 1698715461، تهران-ایران

چکیده

مواد نیمه‌هادی به‌عنوان مبدل انرژی گسیلی به انرژی الکتریکی در باتری‌های بتاولتائیک نقش مهمی را ایفا می‌کند. انتخاب بهینه آن‌ها باعث افزایش بازدهی در این باتری‌ها خواهد شد. در این پژوهش بر اساس نیمه‌هادی‌های متداول و با تکیه ‌بر افزایش حداکثری بازدهی باتری بتاولتائیک و امکان به‌کارگیری چشمه‌های بتازای 63Ni ،3H و 147Pm، شاخص‌ها و معیارهای انتخاب بهینه مواد نیمه‌هادی مشخص گردید. معیارهای ارزیابی شامل ضریب پس‌پراکندگی ذرات بتا از نیمه‌هادی، بازدهی تولید زوج الکترون-حفره، مشخصات و ویژ‌گی‌های الکترونیکی، آستانه آسیب تابشی، بهره تولید تابش ترمزی، توان توقف و نفوذ ذرات بتا در نیمه‌هادی، مشخصات فیزیکی و تحمل دمایی، قابلیت دسترسی و ساخت در نظر گرفته‌شده است. بر اساس این معیارها و با مقایسه با نیمه‌هادی سیلیکون، نیمه‌هادی‌های متداول مورد ارزیابی کمی قرار گرفته‌شده است. تعداد ده نیمه‌هادی B4C ،MgO ،AlN ،C-BN ،6H-SiC ،4H-SiC ،3C-SiC ،2H-SiC ،Diamond ،β-B با عدد اتمی مؤثر کم‌تر از 14 و باند گپ بالاتر از 1/12 الکترون‌ولت در دمای اتاق (K 300) در مقایسه با نیمه‌هادی سیلیکون، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از شاخص‌های ارزیابی، نیمه‌هادی‌های 4H-SiC ،c-BN ،Diamond گزینه‌های مناسب‌تر از نظر بازدهی انتخاب گردید. با توجه به ارزیابی‌های انجام‌شده در این پژوهش، برای ساختارهای دو بعدی باتری بتاولتائیک نوع پیوند نیمه‌هادی برای الماس از نوع شاتکی با رادیوایزوتوپ 147pm، همچنین برای نیمه‌هادی 4H-SiC با رادیوایزوتوپ‌های 63Ni و یا 3H و برای ساختارهای سه‌بعدی باتری‌های بتاولتائیک ترکیب Si با رادیوایزوتوپ‌های 147pm و یا 63Ni پیشنهاد می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Optimal Choice of Semiconductor Converter to Increase Power and Efficiency in Betavoltaic Batteries with 3H, 63Ni, and 147Pm Beta Sources

نویسندگان [English]

  • D. Ghasemabadi
  • H. Zaki Dizaji
  • M Abdollahzade
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein Comprehensive University, P.O.Box: 1698715461, Tehran - Iran
چکیده [English]

Semiconductor materials play an important role as transmitters of electrical energy in betavoltaic batteries. Optimal selection will increase the efficiency of these batteries. In this study, based on common semiconductors and relying on increasing the maximum efficiency of betavoltaic batteries and the possibility of using 3H, 63Ni, and 147Pm beta sources, the indicators and criteria for optimal selection of semiconductor materials were determined. Evaluation criteria include backscattering coefficient of beta particles from semiconductors, efficiency of electron-hole pairs generation, electronic specifications and properties, radiation damage threshold, radiation yield, stopping power and penetration of beta particles in semiconductors, physical characteristics, and temperature tolerance, accessibility, and fabrication were considered. Based on these criteria and compared with silicon semiconductors, conventional semiconductors have been quantitatively evaluated. Ten semiconductors including β-B, Diamond, 2H-SiC, 3C-SiC, 4H-SiC, 6H-SiC, c-BN, AlN, MgO, B4C with effective atomic number less than 14 and bandgap above 1.12 eV at room temperature (300K) compared to silicon semiconductors were evaluated. Considering the results of evaluation indicators, Diamond, c-BN, and 4H-SiC were selected as more suitable semiconductors in terms of efficiency. Based on the experiments performed in this study, a betavoltaic semiconductor type junction for Schottky diamond with 147pm radioisotope, for 4H-SiC semiconductors with 63Ni or 3H radioisotopes, and for three-dimensional structures of betavoltaic batteries, Si combination with 147pm or 63Ni radioisotopes is recommended for planar batteries.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Semiconductor
  • Battery
  • Betavoltaic
  • Efficiency
  • Evaluation criteria
  • Optimal choice

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مواد پیشرفته در مهندسی
دوره 43، شماره 3
مهر 1403
صفحه 47-63

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