نانومیله‌های نانوبرگ‌دار شده دی‌اکسید تیتانیم دوفازی به‌منظور استفاده در کاربردهای فتوالکتروشیمیایی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی و علم مواد، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران

چکیده

پوشش نانومیله‌های روتایل به‌روش هیدروترمال سنتز و سپس نانوبرگ‌های آناتاز روی آنها به‌شیوه محلولی رشد داده شدند. تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی لایه نازک متشکل از نانومیله‌ها نشان دادند که این لایه یکنواخت و عاری از ترک بوده و نانومیله‌ها دارای قطر متوسط 90 نانومتر و ارتفاع 2 میکرومتر هستند و به‌واسطه پیش جوانه‌گذاری دی‌اکسید تیتانیم روی زیرلایه که زبری سطحی آن را کم کرده است، دارای چگالی مطلوب و جهت‌گیری عمودی نسبت به زیرلایه هستند. تصویر لایه نازک نهایی نشان داد که نانوبرگ‌ها به‌صورت یکنواخت روی نانومیله‌ها رشد کرده‌اند و مساحت سطح ویژه و زبری آنها را به‌طور قابل ملاحظه‌ای افزایش داده‌اند. آنالیز عنصری، امکان دوپ شدن یون‌های کلر و فلوئور در لایه نازک دی‌اکسید تیتانیم را نشان داد. طیف‌های رامان و پراش پرتوی ایکس لایه‌های نازک، ساختار دوفازی پوشش را تأیید کردند. آزمون پراش‌سنجی پرتوی ایکس، رشد بلوری ناهمسانگرد نانومیله‌ها (عمود بر سطح زیرلایه) را نیز تأیید کرد. طیف‌سنجی‌های بازتاب و عبور پخشی نور نشان دادند که مقدار انرژی فاصله نواری برای لایه‌های نازک متشکل از نانومیله‌ها و نانومیله‌های نانوبرگ‌دار شده دی‌اکسید تیتانیم به‌ترتیب 78/2 و 82/2 الکترون‌ولت است و میزان به دام‌اندازی نور در پوشش نهایی بیشتر است. نانوساختار سنتز شده به‌دلایل دارا بودن مشخصه‌های برجسته‌ای از جمله جدایش و انتقال بهبود یافته حامل‌های بار (به‌علت وجود ساختار دوفازی)، مساحت سطح ویژه و میزان به دام‌اندازی نور زیاد (به‌علت وجود نانوبرگ‌ها) و انرژی فاصله نواری کم (به‌علت دوپ شدن یون‌های غیر فلزی در ساختار) یک ماده مناسب برای جایگزینی با نانومیله‌های دی‌اکسید تیتانیم متداول مورد استفاده در کاربردهای فتوالکتروشیمیایی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Two-Phase Rutile/Anatase TiO2 Nanoleafed Nanorod Arrays for Photoelectrochemical Applications

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Daneshvar e Asl
  • S. Kh. Sadrnezhaad
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Rutile-phase titanium dioxide nanorod arrays were prepared by the hydrothermal method. Then, anatase-phase nanoleaves were successfully synthesized on the nanorod arrays via mild aqueous chemistry. Nanorod arrays scanning electron microscopy revealed that the thin film is uniform and crack free and the average diameter and height of the nanorods are 90 nm and 2 µm, respectively. Furthermore, nanorods are vertical to the substrate surface and have desired coverage density due to the predeposition of TiO2 seed layer which leaded to decrease the surface roughness of the substrate. Nanoleafed nanorods scanning electron microscopy indicated that the nanoleaves were grown uniformly on the entire surface of nanorods and the specific surface area and roughness factor of those are significantly improved. Energy dispersive spectrums suggested that F- and Cl- ions are partially doped into TiO2 crystals. Raman and X-ray spectra confirmed the formation of anatase-phase nanoleaves on the rutile-phase nanorods. X-ray diffraction also indicated that the nanorod arrays are highly oriented with respect to the substrate surface. The diffused reflectancetransmittance data revealed the incident light was more efficiently harvested by the nanoleafed nanorod thin film and the values of energy gap are 2.78 and 2.82 eV for rutile TiO2 nanorod and rutile+anatase TiO2 nanoleafed nanorod thin films, respectively. Synthesized nanostructure, having improved charge separation and transfer (due to the presence of the surface anatase/rutile junctions), high specific surface area and light harvesting (due to the presence of the nanoleaves) and low band gap energy (due to the nonmetallic elements doping), is viable alternative to traditional single crystalline TiO2 nanorods for highly efficient photoelectrochemical applications.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Two-phase TiO2
  • Rutile/Anatase
  • Nanoleafed nanorod arrays
  • Hydrothermal/Mild aqueous chemistry
  • Photoelectrochemical performance

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مواد پیشرفته در مهندسی
دوره 37، شماره 2
شهریور 1397
صفحه 69-79

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